2018年公共英语四级重点语法资料：虚拟语气

　　虚拟语气在主语、表语从句中的运用

　　虚拟语气还可在主语、表语及同位语从句中使用：

　　1)虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用：

　　It is important that we work hard. It is essential that the mission not fail.

　　It is appropriate that this tax be abolished. 废除这项税收是合适的。

　　另外，在有些这类结构的句子中，主语从句的谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，这是多带有一些情感色彩，可译为“竟然”等表示一种不可思议的状况：

　　It seems so unfair this should happen to me.

　　I think it is dreadful that anyone could be so miserable. 有人竟然这样悲惨，我感到太可怕了。

　　It’s strange that she should be so late.

　　That they should do such a wicked thing is unthinkable.

　　2)用在表语从句中的虚拟语气：

　　Our decision is that the school remain closed.

　　Sophia’s idea was that they should lock up the house.

　　Their suggestion is that every member attend at least one meeting per year.

　　3)用在同位语从句中的虚拟语气：

　　He made the suggestion that they carry on their conversation in Japanese.

　　They expressed the wish that they be given more free time.

　　虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用

　　在某些状语从句中，谓语有时用虚拟语气，特别是在下面几类状语中：

　　1)as if, as though引导的状语从句：

　　这类状语从句中的谓语形式和一般虚拟语气差不多，表示现在的情况时用过去虚拟语气，表示过去情况时用完成形式：

　　a. I have loved you as if you were my son. He talks as though he knew where she was.

　　b. He talks (talked) about Rome as though he had been there himself.

　　. Fancy you sitting there as if nothing had happened.

　　在look, seem, taste, smell后，as if引导的从句中可以用陈述语气：

　　It looks as if they are in a terrible hurry. It seems as if we shall have to walk.

　　The meat tastes as if it has gone bad. The milk smells as if it is sour.

　　2)在“be+形容词”这种结构后的从句，有时用should+动词原形构成谓语：

　　I’m surprised that you should press the suggestion.

　　He was amazed that some countries should express indignation at it.

　　他很惊讶有些国家竟对此感到愤怒。

　　They’re especially anxious that you should come. They were insistent that we be ready.

　　(这类结构的从句用陈述语气的时候可能更多一些)